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初三英语上册Unit11教学重点教案

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九上英语Unit11教学重点

Unit 11 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?

 

学习目标:

学会如何有礼貌地获得信息,培养日常生活中问路与指路的能力;

掌握宾语从句的用法;

养成乐于助人的习惯。

一、词汇

1. 基础词汇


restroom  公共厕所,休息室;

shampoo   洗发香波;

drugstore   药店,杂货店

main    主要的,重要的;

department  部,局,部门;

escalator 电动扶梯,自动扶梯;

furniture     家具;

furniture store  家具店;

exchange     更换,调换;

hang       悬挂,吊;

fresh   鲜的,生的,无经验的;

advantage 有利条件,优点,好处;

disadvantage 不利条件,缺点,坏处;

block      街区,街段;

slide       滑行;

clown      小丑,丑角;

department store 百货商店,百货公司;


2. 重点短语

hang out       闲荡;
  dress up       盛装,打扮,装饰

二、日常用语

1. Do you know where I can buy shampoo?
2. Could you tell me how to get to the post office?
3. Can you please tell me where I can get a dictionary?
 
 Yes. There’s a fascinating science museum.
4. Could you please tell me if there are many good museums in New Town?
5. The museum is really interesting.
6. Turn left/right. Take the elevator to the second floor.

三、知识讲解

Section A:

1Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?

    你能告诉我公共厕所在哪吗?

该句为宾语从句。宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用。宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序。引导宾语从句的关联词有thatwhetherif,连接代词和连接副词。如:

--- I am sure (that) Jack will be late.       我肯定杰克会迟到。
  --- I wonder whether/if he still works in that bank.

我不知道他是否仍在那家银行工作。
        --- Do you remember where you put the keys?

你记得你把钥匙放哪里了吗?

当主句的谓语动词是thinkbelieveexpectsupposeimagine等时,如果宾语从句要表示否定意义,往往通过主句的否定形式来实现。即,注意否定的转移。如:
    --- I don’t think (that) he will agree with my ideas.
      我认为他不会同意我的意见。
    如果用if 引导宾语从句,后面不能加上or not.
    如:
    --- I don’t care whether he can do it or not. 我不介意他究竟会不会做。

2. Take the elevator to the second floor. 乘坐电梯到二楼。

  take:
    to use  乘坐
    如:take a train
  elevator:
    an apparatus in a building that moves up and down between floors and carries people or goods  电梯
  escalator:
    a set of moving stairs in a storerailway stationairportetc.
    (商场,车站,机场等的)电动扶梯,自动扶梯

3. The bank is next to the bookstore.

    银行在书店的旁边。
  next to:
    a close beside   贴近,靠近 
    如:
    ---I’m sitting next to Mary. 我坐在玛丽的旁边。
  英语中表示方位的表达有:
    close to         在附近;
    on the left/right side 在左/右边;
    in the middle of     在……的中间;
    in front of        ……的前面;
    between … and …     ……之间;
    be opposite to      在……对面;
    across from        ……对面。

4. I prefer being outside. 我宁愿呆在外面。

  prefer:
    to choose (one thing or action) rather than another; like better宁可,宁愿,更喜欢。

(1)prefer sth

    如:
    --- Would you like meat or fish?  你想吃肉还是吃鱼?
    --- I’d prefer meatplease.    我更喜欢吃肉。

(2)prefer sth. / doing to sth. /doing

    如:
    --- I prefer dogs to cats.     我喜欢狗,不太喜欢猫。
    --- I prefer reading to singing.  我喜爱读书胜过唱歌。

(3)prefer to do sth.

    如:
    --- Would you prefer me to come on Monday?
      你是否宁可要我星期一来?

(4)prefer to do … rather than do …

    如:
    --- He prefers to write his letters rather than dictate them.
      他喜欢自己写信,不愿意口授自己的信。

5. There’s always something happening. 总有某些事情发生。

    该句中,现在分词happening 表示伴随,用来修饰something
    happento take place 发生
    如:
    --- A funny thing happened yesterday. 昨天发生了一件趣事。
    happen 一词只有主动形式,不能用于被动。

6. It’s also just fun to watch people. 观察人是很有趣的。

    It’s + adj. + (for sb.) + to do sth. (对于某人来说,做某事是……)
    该句型中,it是一个形式主语,真正的主语是不定式短语to do sth. 句型中的for sb.常根据需要省略。
    如:
    --- It’s impossible for him to get up early.
      对于他来说,早起床是不可能的。
    --- It’s great to travel around the world.
      环球旅行是很棒的事情。

7. When I go into stores I always spend too much money!

当我走进商店,我总会花掉很多的钱。

spendcosttakepay 都可以表示"花费",但用法却不尽相同。

  spend的主语必须是人,常用于以下结构:
    spend timemoney on sth. ……上花费时间(金钱)
    如:
    --- I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。
    spend timemoney (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。
    如:
    --- They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。
    spend money for sth. 花钱买……
    如:
    --- His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。
    cost的主语是物或某种活动, 还可以表示,常见用法如下:
    sth. costs (sb.)+金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。
    如:
    --- A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。
    (doing) sth. costs (sb.)+时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。
    如:
    --- Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。

take后面常跟双宾语, 常见用法有以下几种:

  It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。
    如:
    --- It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
    doing sth. takes sb. +时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。
    如:
    --- Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。

pay的基本用法是:

  pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)……
    如:
    --- I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。
    pay for sth. ……的钱。
    如:
    --- I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。
    pay for sb. 替某人付钱。
    如:
    --- Don’t worry! I'll pay for you. 别担心, 我会给你付钱的。

8. Is that a good place to hang out? 那是一个闲逛的好地方吗?

  该句中,不定式to hang out 用作后置定语修饰名词短语a good place.
    如:
    --- Autumn is a wonderful season to climb mountains.  秋天是爬山的好季节。
    hang out:
   (=hang about/hang aroundto wait or stay near (a place) without purpose or activity
    闲逛, 闲荡
    --- Don’t hang out --- we have no time! 别逛了,我们没时间了。

9. It’s kind of small.它有点小。

  kind of: ratherin a certain way 有点儿,有几分
    如:
    --- I’m feeling kind of tired. 我感到有点儿累了。
    a kind of: a sort of 一种
    如:
    --- Shark is a kind of fish in the sea. 鲨鱼是一种海里的鱼。

Section B

1. A different rock band plays at Uncle Bob’s every night.

    每天晚上在鲍勃叔叔的餐馆里总有一支不同的摇滚乐队在演奏。
    Uncle Bob’s 鲍勃叔叔的餐馆
    名词所有格后面指地点等的名词时,有的在习惯上可以省去不用。
    如:
    the doctor's(office) 医生的诊所
    my uncle's(house)   我叔叔的家
    the barber's(shop)  理发店

2They have organized games and the staff dress up as clowns.

    他们组织了游戏,并且店里的员工都化装成小丑。

staff: The personnel who carry out a specific enterprise

    全体雇员为特定的企事业工作的人员
    如:
    --- the nursing staff of a hospital. 医院的护士

dress up:

(1)(usu. of children) to wear someone else’s clothes for fun and pretence
    (常指儿童)乔装打扮(取乐或装成他人)
    --- to dress up as Father Christmas 装扮成圣诞老人
  (2)to make (something or someone) seem different or more attractive
    ……化妆(穿上盛装),把……加以修饰(装饰)
    --- Don’t bother to dress up for the party. 不必为这次聚会穿礼服。

dresswearput on都有穿的意思,但用法不同。

  dress: 打扮,给……穿衣服
    dress sb. / oneself 给某人(或自己)穿衣服
    get dressed 穿好衣服
    wear: 穿着(强调状态)
    如:
    --- Lucy is wearing a blue sweater today. 露西今天穿着一件蓝色的毛衫。
    put on: 穿上(强调动作)
    如:
    --- It’s cold outside. Please put on your coat. 外面冷,穿上外套。

3While the children have fun parents can take dance lessons on the beach.

    当孩子们嬉闹的时候,父母可以在海滩上上舞蹈课。
    While: during the time that ……的时候
    如:
    --- I met her while I was at school.  我在学校的时候遇见了她。

whilewhenas都可以理解为……的时候,区别在于:

 while只可表示"段时间" 从句谓语只限于延续性动词。
    :
    --- While I was sleepingmy father came in.

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